Sự tâng bốc và những lời phê bình gây tổn thương không mang lại tác dụng tích cực cho trẻ. Vậy phụ huynh nên làm thế nào? Hãy thử: Lời khen hữu ích và lời phê bình mang tính xây dựng.
Chúng ta cùng xem xét một ví dụ sau:
Trẻ nói: Mẹ, nghe con đọc bài thơ về xe lửa này coi có hay không nhé?
Bạn sẽ trả lời như thế nào?
Nếu người lớn nói: Hay quá, Con của mẹ là một nhà thơ tuyệt vời mà!
Đó là lời khen mang tính tâng bốc. Nói như vậy không tốt bằng:
Thay vì nhận xét hay đánh giá, bạn có thể
- Mô tả những gì mình trông thấy hoặc nghe thấy: mẹ không ngờ con lại đổi được ‘tiếng xình xịch’ của xe lửa thành nhịp tàu va lách cách, lách cách vào đường ray.
- Mô tả cho trẻ biết bạn cảm thấy gì: nó làm mẹ cảm tưởng như mình đang ngồi trong toa xe lửa và lao vụt qua các vùng đất vậy đó.
Giúp trẻ phát triển ngôn ngữ tại nhà qua bài học mô tả
Học theo Montessori: Gợi ý những cuốn sách phù hợp cho trẻ
Nếu người lớn nói: Xem những từ con viết sai nè! Con có thể làm tốt hơn mà.
Nói như vậy không tốt bằng:
Thay vì phê bình, bạn có thể
Chỉ ra những việc cần làm: bài thơ này cần chỉnh lại lỗi chính tả, ‘toa hàng’ sửa thành ‘chở hàng’ là dán lên báo tường của lớp được rồi.
Như vậy, những lời khen và phê bình dạng “mô tả” như trên sẽ thực tế hơn và giúp trẻ hiểu được bản thân mình và có cơ sở để phấn đấu giúp cho bản thân mình tốt hơn.
Nguồn tham khảo: Sách Dạy trẻ theo phương pháp Montessori.
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